Wind instead of coal & gas – electricity from inland Thailand
K.R. One in Thailand
With the 90 MW wind power project K.R. ONE in Nongwang (Thepharak District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand), renewable electricity is fed into Thailand’s grid to displace conventional, fossil-based electricity generation and thereby avoid emissions in the power sector.
In Nakhon Ratchasima (Thailand), the 90 MW K.R. ONE wind project feeds renewable electricity into the national grid—with the aim of displacing conventional grid electricity generation and avoiding emissions in the power sector.
In the most recently verified monitoring period (01 Aug 2022–31 May 2023), 189,695.841 MWh of wind electricity were generated, resulting in 107,973 tCO₂e of verified emission reductions.
The project clearly illustrates when climate impact becomes robust: when generation and grid delivery are measured, calculated using an approved methodology (incl. ACM0002), and independently verified under Verra VCS.
Technical Project Data – VCS 2001
The key facts about the wind energy project at a glance.
| Parameter | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Project Location | Thailand; Nakhon Ratchasima Province; Nongwang Sub-District, Thepharak District (coordinates per WTG documented) | Monitoring Report (MR), Section 1.1 & 1.7, pp. 4–6 |
| Project Type | Grid-connected onshore wind power project (Sectoral Scope 01 – Energy Industries) | MR, Section 1.2, p. 5 |
| Standard | Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) | MR, header/title “VCS Version 4.2”, e.g., pp. 4–5 |
| Project developer | KR One Co., Ltd. (subsidiary of Wind Energy Holding Co., Ltd.) / Kosher Climate India Private Limited (role: Authorized Representative) | MR, Section 1.1 / 1.3, pp. 4–5 |
| Technology / approach | Installation and operation of 30 wind turbines (WTGs), grid-connected electricity supply | MR, Section 1.1, p. 4 |
| Number of turbines / turbine model | 30 WTGs, GE wind turbines, 3.0 MW each | MR, Section 1.1, p. 4 |
| Installed capacity | 90 MW (30 × 3.0 MW) | MR, Section 1.1, p. 4 |
| Grid / electricity delivery | Delivery to the Thailand National Grid | MR, Section 1.1, p. 4 |
| Project start / start date | 16 Mar 2019 (Start Date = commissioning) | MR, Section 1.5, p. 6 |
| Methodology | ACM0002 – Grid-connected electricity generation from renewable sources, Version 19.0 | MR, Section 1.2 / 1.8, pp. 5 & 8 |
| Crediting period | 16 Mar 2019 – 15 Mar 2029 (10 years; renewable CP, extendable) | MR, Section 1.6, p. 6 |
| Commissioning | All WTGs commissioned on 16 Mar 2019 | MR, Section 1.1, p. 4 |
| Monitoring & verification | Continuous measurement via EGAT substation meter (accuracy class 0.2s), monthly readings; independent verification by accredited VVB | MR, Section 4.2–4.3, pp. 17–20 |
| Additionality (classification) | Additionality derived via the “Tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality” (v7.0.0) and investment analysis | Joint PD/MR, Additionality, pp. 16–17 |
| Permanence | No physical permanence required (energy project); measurement/data risks addressed via meter calibration, conservative adjustment when calibration has expired, and QA/QC | MR, Meter/QA/QC, pp. 17–20 |
| Article 6 authorization (Paris Agreement) | No information provided in the available project documents | Project documentation (MR/FVR) |
| External carbon credit rating (BeZero/Sylvera etc.) | No information provided in the available project documents | Project documentation (MR/FVR) |
| CCP status (ICVCM) | No information provided in the available project documents | Project documentation (MR/FVR) |
| Approach to double-counting risks | No parallel credits/programmes in the monitoring period; issuance/registry processes via Verra (serialization/retirement in the registry) | MR, Section 1.10, p. 8 |
| Contribution to national climate strategy | Contribution through expansion of renewable electricity generation and displacement of fossil-dominated grid generation (project logic described in context) | MR, Section 1.1, p. 4 |
What the project can contribute
This is not about big promises, but about the practical impact of a grid-connected wind farm.
- 1
Expand renewable electricity generation in Thailand
The wind farm adds 90 MW of grid-connected wind energy to the system, increasing domestic generation from renewable sources.
- 2
Diversify the power mix and reduce fossil dependence
Additional wind power fed into the grid can displace conventional generation on a calculated basis. This supports a broader, less fossil-based electricity mix.
- 3
Strengthen regional value creation through operations
Operating and maintaining a wind farm requires ongoing technical services, maintenance processes, and operational staff. These are recurring regional effects—without claiming they are the project’s primary purpose.
- 4
Send an investment signal for renewable infrastructure
As a large-scale project designed for long-term operation, K.R. ONE shows that wind energy can be implemented and operated as an infrastructure component—relevant for follow-on investments in the energy sector.
- 5
Establish verifiable impact in the power sector
Electricity generation is measured and documented in monitoring; emission reductions are calculated under ACM0002 and independently verified under the VCS process. This creates transparency on impact—not just a claim.
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Global climate relevance
Avoid emissions in the power sector
Wind power acts at a central point of the climate balance: electricity generation in the grid. The climate impact results from displacing conventional generation—i.e., where emissions would have occurred without the project.
Measured, not claimed
Emission reductions are based on measured grid delivery, a defined methodology (ACM0002), and documented monitoring. This makes the climate impact quantifiable and traceable—not merely asserted.
Impact over years
A wind farm is infrastructure: it generates electricity over many years and can therefore continuously avoid emissions. For K.R. ONE, a 10-year crediting period is stated—so the impact is designed for duration, not a one-off effect.
Additionality substantiated
Within the project framework, additionality is demonstrated using recognized procedures (including investment and barrier analysis in line with the “Tool for the demonstration and assessment of additionality”). This explains why implementation is not treated as a given—and how climate finance or carbon revenues can support realization.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – The relevant and the complementary contributions
Beyond reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the K.R. ONE wind power project in Nakhon Ratchasima (Thailand) contributes to the provision of renewable electricity in Thailand’s power system. By feeding wind power into the grid, conventional generation is displaced on a calculated basis and the expansion of renewables is supported. The main contributions relate to SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). Additional goals are supported in a complementary way; some SDGs should be classified as marginal contributions, as they are not part of the project’s immediate core purpose.
The project generates wind power and feeds it into Thailand’s national grid. In doing so, it expands the electricity mix with a renewable energy source and supports the availability of lower-carbon electricity within the system.
Contribution:
Provision of grid-connected renewable wind energy and strengthening of a cleaner power mix.The climate impact results from avoided emissions in the power sector: the wind electricity delivered to the grid displaces conventional grid electricity generation on a calculated basis (baseline logic in line with the methodology). Emission reductions are calculated based on measured electricity generation/grid delivery and documented through monitoring and independent verification under the VCS process.
Contribution:
Avoidance of greenhouse gas emissions by displacing conventional electricity generation in the grid, transparently substantiated through MRV.As an energy infrastructure project (90 MW, 30 turbines), the wind farm contributes to expanding modern generation capacity. Operation, maintenance, and grid connection of renewable assets strengthen the technical infrastructure for the energy transition—without being the project’s primary climate mechanism.
Contribution:
Support for modern energy infrastructure through the expansion of renewable generation capacity.Building, operating, and maintaining a wind farm requires labor and technical services. These effects can support employment and economic activity in the project area, but they are not the main focus of the project’s climate impact.
Contribution:
Secondary employment and value-creation effects associated with the construction and operation of renewable energy assets.Indirectly, the project can help ensure that electricity consumption in households and businesses is supplied with a higher share of renewable energy. However, a direct influence on consumption patterns or production processes is not part of the project’s core scope.
Contribution:
Indirect support for lower-carbon electricity use—without direct influence on consumption or production decisions.
How CO₂ Savings Are Generated
Clean electricity from renewable energy projects replaces fossil-based power. The emissions avoided through this shift can be measured and form the basis for issuing carbon credits.
Renewable power changes the overall energy mix: every kilowatt hour produced by wind, solar or hydropower reduces the need for electricity from coal, gas or oil.
The amount of CO₂ emitted per kilowatt hour varies by country and by fuel type. These official grid emission factors make it possible to calculate how much CO₂ would have been released without the renewable energy project.
For each project, the expected fossil share is compared with the clean electricity actually delivered. The difference shows the verified emission reductions — the real CO₂ savings. These values are reviewed by independent auditors, updated regularly, and form the certified basis for carbon credits.
Context and Transparency
This wind energy project is registered under the Verra Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) and is regularly monitored and independently verified in accordance with the standard. The reported emission reductions are based on audited monitoring reports and an approved methodology (ACM0002) for calculating emissions avoided by grid-connected wind electricity compared with conventional electricity generation in the grid.
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